According to data from the analytics platform Glassnode, nearly 10% of the total Bitcoin supply remains "systemically risky" against the backdrop of advancing quantum computing technology. This group, comprising approximately 1.92 million BTC, exposes public keys due to its technical structure, which could pave the way for future quantum attacks. This is reported by Cointelegraph.com .
The bulk of the assets at risk consist of Pay-to-Public-Key (P2PK) transactions from the Satoshi Nakamoto era, legacy multi-signature (P2MS) structures, and modern Pay-to-Taproot (P2TR) addresses. Specifically, the 1.1 million coins belonging to Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto (5.5% of the total supply) are seen as the most vulnerable point. Additionally, about 200,000 coins in Taproot addresses also fall into this risk group.
Experts emphasize that to address this issue, it is necessary to implement new quantum-resistant standards such as BIP-360 on the Bitcoin network. Currently, 69.8% of the total supply (13.99 million BTC) is considered free from quantum threats. However, another 4.12 million BTC remain "operationally risky" due to users mismanaging addresses or reusing keys.
Looking at companies, 100% of Bitcoin assets held by Franklin Templeton, WisdomTree, and Robinhood, and 85% of funds on the Binance exchange, could be exposed to quantum risk. Conversely, this figure is only 5% for the Coinbase exchange and 2% for the Fidelity fund. According to an Ark Invest report, quantum computers would need millions of logical qubits to execute such an attack.
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