Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient involved in many vital bodily functions. It plays a crucial role in the production of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, maintaining the health of the nervous system, and energy production.
Despite its importance, B12 is often overlooked in the diet, leading to serious and irreversible health consequences over time.
Why does the body need Vitamin B12?
B12 is a water-soluble vitamin primarily found in animal products like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. It is absorbed in the small intestine with the help of a protein called intrinsic factor, produced in the stomach.
Key Functions of B12:
- Supports the production of red blood cells, preventing anemia.
- Maintains the myelin sheath of nerves for proper signal transmission.
- Plays a role in DNA synthesis and energy metabolism.
Risks of B12 Deficiency:
Untreated deficiency can lead to severe consequences:
- Neurological damage: chronic pain, loss of balance, weakness, and paralysis in extreme cases.
- Dementia and brain atrophy: increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
- Anemia: leads to abnormally large, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts).
- Elevated homocysteine levels: linked to cardiovascular diseases and stroke.
- Mental health issues: depression, anxiety, and psychosis.
What to Do in Case of Deficiency?
If you notice symptoms, consult a doctor. Treatment may involve dietary adjustments, supplements, or B12 injections. Including B12-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy in your diet helps prevent deficiency.
