Fear of the Future and Housing Issues Affect Birth Rates

A large-scale international study conducted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has offered a new perspective on the real reasons behind the demographic crisis, Zamin.uz reported. According to the research, population growth or decline is not about personal choice but is linked to economic security, a prosperous life, and adequate political decisions in a country.

UNFPA specialists surveyed over 14,000 people across 14 countries on five continents, where a third of the world’s population lives. The findings show that demographic problems are often due to real economic barriers in modern life, rather than laws or artificial restrictions. For instance, in Nigeria, Morocco, South Africa, and Indonesia, the average birth rate per woman exceeds the replacement level. However, most people reported wanting two or more children.

54% of respondents identified key obstacles to having children and large families as lack of affordable housing, unemployment, insufficient childcare facilities, and financial difficulties. The survey also found that 24% of people complained about health problems and a lack of solutions, while 19% said they didn’t want children due to wars, climate change, the pandemic, and uncertainty about the future.

The authors of the report emphasize that when addressing the demographic crisis, it is essential to thoroughly study what people want and what difficulties they face. The study concludes, “Political measures should address these real issues, not discourage contraceptive use or force people to have more children.”